It was speculated that the Indo-US agreement would be signed on October 4, 2008, when U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice was in India. The agreement is expected to be tinged by Indian Foreign Minister Pranab Mukherjee and U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice. The two leaders were due to sign the agreement at 2 p.m. at Hyderabad House in New Delhi. [168] But Mr. Mukherjee announced that India would wait for the President of the United States to first enshrine the Law on Agreement 123 in law, taking into account India`s concerns about fuel supply guarantees and the legal status of Agreement 123 in the accompanying signature declaration. [169] In addition, 23,123 agreements are currently in force. These include two (along with Canada and the IAEA) dating back to the initial launch of the Atom for Peace program, as well as agreements with U.S.

rivals and other nuclear powers such as Russia and China. In 2018, the Trump administration reached the recent 123-nation agreement on civil nuclear cooperation with Mexico, although the agreement has not yet entered into force. Over the next 18 months, a joint report will be prepared on the implementation of a civilian nuclear programme in Poland. For its part, India is committed to increasing transparency, separating its civilian and military nuclear facilities and placing civilian facilities as part of IAEA protection measures. [14] In addition, India has pledged to continue its unilateral moratorium on nuclear testing and to strengthen measures to limit the transfer of nuclear technologies to States and non-decing actors. The agreement also allowed India to continue to update and strengthen its national export control rules. Japan is an important player in the civilian nuclear energy market and such a nuclear agreement will “facilitate cooperation with U.S. nuclear power plant manufacturers such as Westinghouse Electric Corporation and GE Energy Inc.” [50], more easily and improve the prospects for the construction of nuclear power plants in India, both conglomerates having Japanese investments. Japan has a “quasi-monopoly monopoly” on the reactor components of the AP100 and EPR reactors, such as safety components and domes. [51] After the Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011[2], the nuclear industry experienced an almost global crisis.

Stricter safety rules have led to increased construction costs for nuclear power plants and some countries have become more cautious about new nuclear reactors. The agreement with India is expected to have the effects of the revival of Japan`s civil nuclear industry, which has not yet recovered from the setback of the Fukushima accident. Hitachi, Mitsubishi and Toshiba all focus on repairing and maintaining existing facilities (most of which are idling) and not on building new facilities. [52] This agreement will strengthen the energy security objectives of India and Japan, while accelerating the pace of strategic cooperation between the two sides, as they play a greater role in ensuring a safe Indo-Pacific area. The US DoE said that joint work would be the basis for a long-term commitment by the United States and the Polish government to make final decisions on accelerating the development of nuclear power plants in the European country.